Steam-generator.



No. 639,973 Patented Dec. 26, I899. a. H. HARDIE & N. THOMPSON.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed Apr. 26, 1899.)

4 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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. Patented Dec. 26, I899.

(Application filed Apr. 28, 1899.)

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(No Model.)

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No. 639,973. Patented Dec. 26, I899. a. H. HARDIE & N. THOMPSON.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed Apr. 26, 1899.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets$haet 3.

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No. 639,973. Patented Dec. 26, 1899. G. H. HARDIE &. N. THOMPSON.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed Apr. 26, 1899.) (No Model.) 4 She'ets-8heef 4.

WITNESSES: IN VENTOHS (MW I J7. Thorn 0.9021

A 77 RN E Y Nrrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GORDON HENRY HARDIE AND NICHOLAS THOMPSON, OF VANCOUVER,

' CANADA.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 639,973, dated December 26, 1899.

Application filed April 26, 1 8 99 T0 aZZ whom it" may concern:

Be it known that we, GORDON HENRY HAR- DIE and NICHOLAS THOMPSON, citizens of the Dominion of'Canada, residing at Vancouver, in the Province of British Columbia, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in that class of steam generators known as pipe or portable boilers, in which we employ down-pipes projecting outward on each side of the furnace-grate, said pipes being either connected with a main drum suspended over the furnace or with a series of header-pipes, according to the work for which the generator is intended; and the primary objects of our invention are to arrange the down-pipes on each side of the furnace-grate in such a manner that their lower depending ends will be below the greatest generating heat and to provide facilities for a free circulation from the bottom of said down-pipes, so that the danger of burning out the tubes will be reduced to a minimum, as will now be fully explained, and pointed out in the appended claims. We attain these objects by the general arrangement of the parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows a front sectional elevation of our generator, taken on the line a a in'Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a side sectional elevation taken through the center on the line b b in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a front elevation and part section on line Ct at of Fig. 4 of a modified type of our invention to be applied as a marine generator, the down-pipes in this, as in Figs. 1 and 2, being the same in relation to the furnace, which gives the result that we wish to obtain in the difierent modes of application. Fig. 4 is a side sectional view of the same on the line 0 c in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a section of one of the down-pipes, as indicated by line (1 d on Figs. 1, 3, and 6. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the lower end of the same.

Similar numerals and letters refer to similar parts throughout all the views.

The construction leading up to our improved steam-generator, when it is to be used as a boiler specially designed for transportation, consists of main vertically-placed pipes Serial No. 714,549. (No model.)

10, having their lower ends provided with Ts and closed and resting on a support-frame a and arranged on opposite front sides of the furnace. Connecting the tops of these vertical pipes 10 and providing a free communi-- cation from one to the other is a main steamreservoir in the form of a drum 11.

A horizontally-placed pipe 12, resting on a support I), is arranged to the rear of the furnace-grate A and approximately on a horizontal plane with the support a, and 13 are pipes communicating between the vertical pipes 10 and the horizontal pipe 12. Connecting with the pipe 12 at regular intervals and passing upward are pipes 14 and 15. These pipes 14 and 15 pass up the rear outer side of the furnace and communicate with horizontally-disposed pipes 16 and 17, respectively. (See Fig. 1.) The pipes 16 and 17 areacontinuation of the pipes 14 and 15, and they comwardly so that their closed ends are on a plane,

approximately, with and on each side of the furnace-grate A. The opposite walls of the furnace, as e, are carried for a distance upward, and continuing up in proximity with the rear or outer sides of the inner series of pipes are baffles 19, which cause the flame from the furnace to pass upward, as shown by arrows, and through the other series of downpipes to the outer side of same. Other baffies 20 and 21, placed between the said downpipes at the proper positions, as shown, below the tops of the baffles 19, prevent the gases from passing downward between the pipes, but cause them to flow back and forth until the spaces below the depending ends of the down-pipes are reached, whence they are carried off by the uptake 22. In this case the header-pipes, the down-pipes, and the furnace are inclosed in a suitable covering f,

which is preferably a non-conductor of heat, as is the case in the constructions of this kind, and the uptake is connected from the rear beneath the furnace. To provide for free circulation in the down-pipes 18 and cause the water to flow up one side and down the other, we place diaphragms 23 in the pipes, having their fiat sides to the furnace. These diaphragms 23 are not of sufficient width to engage the opposite sides of the tubes; but they are crimpled or corrugated, as 23, sufficient for each alternate deflection or curve to engage the opposite sides of the tubes, and such engaging edges of each of the diaphragms will form a chord on each side of the tube it occupies, and the spaces between the chords, made large or small according to the relative Width of the diaphragms to the diameter of the tubes, provide the means for the bubbles formed on the lower side of the pipe, next to the furnace, to pass to the upper side of the pipe. This causes the flow in the pipe to be reversed to what it would be if the tubes were completely divided into distinct and independent compartments except at the ends. The crimples 23 also hold the diaphragms in their place and at the same time allow of their being withdrawn by removing the caps 18. To provide for free circulation in case the lower ends of the diaphragms should slip down close to the caps 18a, such ends are perforated As shown by the arrows in Fig. 1, the intense heat of the furnace passes outward around the pipes near their upper ends and is then passed downward and inward by the particular arrangement of the baffles 20 and 21; but before passing the lower depending ends of the down-pipes the intense heat is spent in the area occupied by the upper portions of the said down-pipes, where the principal steam-generating is taking place. By reason of the above arrangement it is clear that comparatively dirty water may be used without the danger of burning out the tube ends, as the sediment will invariably settle to the lower ends of the pipes, and as the heat is applied the circulation will commence to stir or lift the deposit before the heat has hardened or converted such deposit in to scale, and owing to the novel arrangement of the diaphragms in the pipes having their apertures at their lower ends the flow or circulation will commence before the lower ends of the pipes are heated. In fact, the depending ends of the pipes will never become sufficiently heated to cause any damage, even if a heavy coating of sediment should lodge in such tube ends, so that our improvement is well designed to perform the work for which it is intended.

As shown in the marine types, Figs. 3 and 4, the furnace is arranged as in Fig. 1; but the down-pipes 18 are fixed into the opposite lower sides of a drum or reservoir B, this being supported by lugs on cross-timbers G on the deck or frame of the vessel, and the whole is supported ma convenient manner above the furnace A, with the down-pipes straddling the furnace, as in Fig. 1. Owing to the contracted form of the casingfin the marine type the down-pipes 18 as they approach tlfe outer sides are reduced in length, so as to conveniently utilize all of the heating area, and the baffles are arranged to cause the flame and the heated gases to fiow downward after passing the baffles 19, and the rest of the baffles are fixed alternately to the drunrB and the casing f, as 25, 26, and 27, so that the flame will pass back and forth through the said down-pipes and be finally delivered to the uptake 22, which in this case is above the generator.

In the construction of our boiler it is our intention to have the parts as much as possible of standard fittings, so that if a tube is defective it may be replaced without serious delay and at a minimum of cost.

We are aware that prior to our invention various types of pipe-boilers have been employed having the tubes arranged horizontal, pendent, and sloping, their upper ends being connected to header-pipes or main drums, but not having our special arrangement on each side and over the fu rnace,with the means of protection from the heat for the pendent ends of the down-pipes, which, with the division-st-rip in such down-pipe, are the features we wish protection in.

Having thus described our improved steamgenerator, what we claim as novel, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a steam-generator of the class described; the combination with the furnace; the main water-feed pipes; and the steamcollecting drum arranged substantially as shown; of drop-pipes projected downwardly upon opposite sides of the furnace, and in a plane below said side walls; the vertical baffie-plates 19, and the horizontal battle-plates 20 and 21, said plates 19, 20 and 21, being arranged to prevent the heat from passing downward between the pipe and causing it to pass back and forth until the spaces below the pending ends of the rearmost drop-pipes are reached; and an offtake at such end, as set forth.

2. In a steam-generator having a frame comprised of tubes 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, and 17, placed approximately vertical and horizontal, the said tubes providing a means for water circulation, in combination with down-pipes 18 communicating with the tubes 16 and 17, having their lower ends extending approxi mately on a horizontal plane with a furnacegrate A and diverging on opposite sides thereof, of baffles arranged between such down-pipes for directing the heated gases therearound, and toward the depending ends thereof, as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a steam-generator; in combination, tubes 10, 12, 13, 14, 1G, and 17, arranged in the form of a frame, the same to provide ample circulation for the water, a furnace- IIO grate arranged in said frame; of down-pipes 18 diverging outward and having their lower ends beneath the intense heating area of the furnace, of diaphragms in such pipes composed of crimpled detachable strips 23 having apertures 23 in their lower ends, substantially as specified.

4. In a steam-generator of the character described; the combination with the furnace and the main water-circulating pipes, and the steam collector; of drop-pipes divergingly projected downward at each side of the furnace, their lower ends projecting in the plane below the side walls of the furnace, said ends having removable caps; means for causing the heat to circulate about the droppipes above the capped lower ends, and flat diaphragrns detachably held within the droppipes, their flat sides facing the direct heat rays from the furnace, substantially as shown and described.

5. In a steam-generator having down-pipes diverging from their support over the furnace on each side thereof, in combination with crimpled diaphragms passing flatwise to the heat of the furnace through said pipes; apertures in the lower ends of said diaphragms, to allow the water to circulate, and of baffles arranged between the said pipes to cause the heat to circulate above the lower ends of the same, as and for the purposes set forth.

6. The combination in a generator of the character stated; with the main circulatingpipes, and the steam-drum; of a furnace viding the direct heat rays flowing about the said lower ends of the drop-pipes, said means consisting of baffle-plates 19, 20 and 21, arranged to deflect the heat around the upper parts of the drop-pipes until the rear end pipes are reached; an oft'take connecting with the space below the rear end pipes, the said drop-pipes having removable caps at their lower ends; a flat corrugated diaphragm detaehably held within the said drop-pipes, said diaphraglns having their lower ends perforated, all being arranged substantially as shown and described.

GORDON HENRY HARDIE. NICHOLAS THOMPSON.

Witnesses:

ROWLAND BRITTAIN, W. G. TRETHEWEY. 

